[摘要]目的：探讨无牙颌患者颞下颌关节凹形态改建的特征及规律，为无牙颌患者全口义齿修复中美学与功能的协调提供指导。方法：对两组不同特点（如不同牙槽嵴高度、不同颌骨形态等）的无牙颌患者分别拍摄息止颌位双侧TMJ标准薛氏位片，测量并计算关节凹指数，然后进行组间比较。结果：关节凹指数在对照组平均为84.28±9.13；在实验组平均为76.73±9.32，统计学检验显示二者之间有显著性差异。结论：牙列长期缺失，或总义齿人工牙重度磨损致垂直距离过低，下颌骨及牙槽嵴严重吸收时，患者颌面部形态可发生一系列改变，其颞下颌关节凹有浅平状改建的趋势，临床上进行全口义齿修复应与患者的颌面部形态及TMJ功能相协调。
[关键词]无牙颌；颞下颌关节凹；牙槽嵴；颌骨形态
[中图分类号]R782.6 [文献标识码]A [文章编号]1008-6455（2005）06-0719-02
The influence factors of the morphologic characteristics
of glenoid fossae of edentulous patients
ZHOU Qin, BAI Le-kang, LIU Yue-sheng, XU Hai-fu
(Department of Prosthodontics,College of Stomatology,Xi'an 710004,Shaanxi Province,China)
Abstract: Objective To investigate the morphologic characteristics of glenoid fossae of edentulous patients. Methods 43 edentulous patients (23 males,20 females)were selected and devided into two groups according to the alveolar ridges heights,the mandibular shapes and so on.Bilateral Schuller's radiographs were made of each subjects at there jaws' rest position.The indices of the temporomandibular glenoid were measured and analysed. Results The average temporomandibular glenoid index was(76.73±9.32)in the experimental group while it was (84.28±9.13)in the control group.The difference was statistical. Conclusion A flattening of the mandibular fossa could be observed when alveolar ridges become lower as a result of long time of edentulousness or severe attrition of the complete dentures.When we make complete dentures for the patients ,we should take into consideration the remodelling of glenoid fossae.
Key words: edentulous patients; glenoid fossa; alveolar ridges; mandibular shapes
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